Being There by Jerzy Kosinski essays

Being There by Jerzy Kosinski essays In social encounters, people in general project a public or on-stage self, and we think of it as covering our authentic face- the face behind the social mask. People often act in the opposite way of what they are really thinking in order to impress others. However, Chance, in Jerzy Kosinskis Being There, couldnt think or act on his own. His behavior reflects what he has observed on television and in his garden. Chance presents himself to others in such an honest manner. What he shows the public is exactly who he is. He doesnt have a private or public self; he has only one face- the face of true human nature, which is the product of TV images and his garden. Television created Chance as did the garden. The garden seems to give him physical existence while the television gives him a mental existence. However, this mental existence is a false one. Contrary to his life in the garden, in the outside world Chance is a blank page, acceptable to all people because he is like all those characters on television. Because Chances behavior depends on what he has seen on television, he is uninformed and incompetent in many areas. Although this book is a bit far-fetched and ridiculous at times, Kosinski makes a very valid point. He seems to point out that in the culture we live in, superficial perception is everything while real thought is often neglected. The media plays a large part in shaping our notions of leadership. The media creates an image for Chance- they give him an occupation, a relationship of intimacy with the President, and status. They hype him up to make him seem newsworthy and interesting because they have to have people to write about. Even though Chance may not be the brightest person, people are drawn to his personality and his unintentional words of wisdom. People seem to trust him, instinctively. His meaningless utterance ...

Oklahoma Wesleyan University Admissions Overview

Oklahoma Wesleyan University Admissions Overview Oklahoma Wesleyan University Admissions Overview: Oklahoma Wesleyan has an acceptance rate of 73%, which is encouraging for interested studentsthose with solid grades and test scores have a good chance of being admitted. For complete instructions and information on applying, be sure to visit the schools website.  Ã‚   Admissions Data (2016): Oklahoma Wesleyan University Acceptance Rate: 73%Test Scores 25th / 75th PercentileSAT Critical Reading: 410 / 510SAT Math: 420 / 590SAT Writing: - / -What these SAT numbers meanACT Composite: 18 / 23ACT English: 16 / 24ACT Math: 17 / 24What these ACT numbers mean Oklahoma Wesleyan University  Description: Although its origins began much earlier, Oklahoma Wesleyan University truly came into existence in 2001after several mergers and re-namings. The school is located in Bartlesville, Oklahoma, which is about an hour north of Tulsa. The city has a population of around 35,000. Students can choose a major from five different schoolsBusiness, Arts and Sciences, Ministry and Christian Thought, Education, or Nursing. Popular majors within these colleges include Nursing, Business Administration/Economics, Psychology, Theological, and Religious Studies, and Exercise Science. Because of its affiliation with the Wesleyan Church, OKWU offers students ample opportunities to join religious clubs, service projects, and attend services throughout the week. Students have the chance to study abroadeither within the country (more off-campus study than abroad) or in different countries. OKWU is highly ranked, for financial aid, value, and teaching quality. On the athletic front, the OKWU Eagles compete in the National Association of Intercollegiate Athletics (NAIA) within the Kansas Collegiate Athletic Conference. Popular sports on campus include basketball, soccer, golf, and track field. Enrollment (2016): Total Enrollment: 1,467  (1,192 undergraduates)Gender Breakdown: 40% Male / 60% Female53% Full-time Costs (2016  - 17): Tuition and Fees: $25,070Books: $900Room and Board: $8,136Other Expenses: $3,890Total Cost: $37,996 Oklahoma Wesleyan University  Financial Aid (2015  - 16): Percentage of New Students Receiving Aid: 99%Percentage of New Students Receiving Types of AidGrants: 99%Loans: 82%Average Amount of AidGrants: $11,183Loans: $6,147 Academic Programs: Most Popular Majors:  Nursing, Business Marketing, Psychology, Business Economics, Theological Studies, Exercise Science, Biology Transfer, Graduation and Retention Rates: First Year Student Retention (full-time students): 60%4-Year Graduation Rate: 32%6-Year Graduation Rate: 44% Intercollegiate Athletic Programs: Mens Sports:  Basketball, Soccer, Baseball, Track and Field, Cross Country, GolfWomens Sports:  Track and Field, Soccer, Softball, Cross Country, Volleyball, Basketball Data Source: National Center for Educational Statistics If You Like Oklahoma Wesleyan University, You May Also Like These Schools: Oklahoma City UniversitySouthern Nazarene UniversityUniversity of TulsaOklahoma Panhandle State UniversityUniversity of Central OklahomaCameron UniversityLangston UniversityOklahoma State UniversityEast Central UniversityOral Roberts UniversityNortheastern State University   Oklahoma Wesleyan University  Mission Statement: mission statement from their website As an evangelical Christian university of The Wesleyan Church, Oklahoma Wesleyan University models a way of thought, a way of life, and a way of faith. It is a place of serious study, honest questions, and critical engagement, all in the context of a liberal arts community that honors the Primacy of Jesus Christ, the Priority of Scripture, the Pursuit of Truth, and the Practice of Wisdom.

LEGAL ASPECTS OF NURSING Case Study Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1000 words

LEGAL ASPECTS OF NURSING - Case Study Example 2. The nurses are negligent for delaying their medication documentation for such a long period of time as the next day. The fact that a medication is not documented endangers the patient of receiving too little or too much of the medications on subsequent shifts when other nurse have no way of knowing that there are missing entries in the records. 3. When the root of the problem or cause of the situation is evaluated the ethical principles which must be considered are patient safety first and foremost. Standards of practice should also be evaluated and the facility policy on medication should be evaluated to ensure that it is clear in all areas of medication administration. 4. If the case was heard in court the charges would likely be malpractice and negligence. Negligence and or malpractice can be defined as ‘the doing of something a reasonably prudent person would not do,’ it must be shown that the standard of care what deviated and that there were damages or injuries because of the negligence or malpractice (Understanding Negligence, 2012). The possibility of something dangerous or injurious to a patient due to medication errors such as those described is very strong and often nurses are taken to court for the same errors which end up causing injury to a plaintiff. Because there were no injuries reported or complaints from patients described it is less likely that the case would require court charges against the nurse. 1. The primary defendant in this case would be the original nurse suspected; however after the testimony and other nurse’s acknowledging their own wrongdoing and medication errors they should be suspended and held liable as well. The plaintiff could be the facility if they chose to bring charges against the nurse which is unlikely as this was cause negativity towards the facility. Most likely if charges were brought against the nurse they would stem from a patient incident. 2. The court would probably rule in

Historical and Theoretical Perspectives on Teaching Reading Essay

Historical and Theoretical Perspectives on Teaching Reading - Essay Example In addition, the findings would be related in terms of their impact on classroom instruction by providing specific and supportive evidence for each theme or issue from the readings and from one’s personal experience, as required. The whole language approach emerged in the 1980s more as a philosophy than a mere teaching methodology. According to Todays-Learners (2010, par. 19), â€Å"reading should not be taught, but rather acquired through trial and error†. Promoters of this technique emphasize that students can substitute words with those that they commonly use as long as the idea remains the same. Correct spelling of words is not so much given priority for as long as the thoughts and concepts are appropriately ingrained (Todays-Learners, 2010, pars. 19 – 23). The modernist perspective has been discussed by Serafini (2003, par. 16) through a review of various scholars’ discourse on the subject; such as Street, De Castell & Luke, and Siegel & Fernandez, among others. This view contends that â€Å"reading is viewed as a cognitive, psychological process divorced from any of the forces that are inherent in social, political, or cultural institutions† (Serafini, 2003, par. 16) Children taught under this approach are given reading materials which are fluently read aloud and concurrently focusing on the main theme of the story or text. Teachers focus more on the diction and pronunciation of the texts as well as determining if the students are able to comprehend the main theme of the story. One of the more contemporary approaches associated with this perspective is the balanced or eclectic approach which utilized phonics and skills instruction into the teaching of reading. Stoicheva (1999) cited Cunningham and Hall (1998) describing â€Å"a balanced framework for literacy where instruction is divided equally between the four

Judith Anne Neelley Essay Example for Free

Judith Anne Neelley Essay Judith Anne Neelley belongs to the growing list of women offenders convicted for heinous crimes. Just 18 years old, she was convicted in 1983 in Alabama for the brutal murder of a young girl and was meted the death penalty. However, contrasting views of whether the death penalty should be implemented and racial bias as well, influenced a former governor of the state to commute her sentence to life imprisonment in 1999 (ProsandCons.us, 2009). Her Crimes Sometime in 1980, she robbed a woman inside a mall at gunpoint (Ramsland, 2007). Two years later, she lured and kidnapped Lisa Ann Millican, 13 years old of Rome, Georgia, who was under the auspices of a home for neglected girls (Ramsland, 2007). She was sexually assaulted, stabbed, injected with drain cleaner, shot to death and her body pushed down a mountain where it was found days later (Ashley, 1999). After this, she persuaded a man and his companion to ride with her and show her around the town because she was new there. She then shot but did not kill the man John Hancock and took her girlfriend Janice Chatman to a motel where she and her husband molested and raped her (O’Shea, 1999). Over-all, she was involved in 15 murders that occurred not only in Georgia but also in Tennessee and Alabama (O’Shea, 1999). She also continually committed minor offenses such as swindling, car theft, petty theft, robbery and minor assaults (Furio, 2001). Social Background Judith Neelley did not attend middle school or high school and she was not known to hold any permanent job, doing odd jobs and also swindling and robbing in order to survive (Wetsch, 2005). As a teenager, she spent time in a youth center, having been abandoned by her parents. There she claimed that she was sexually assaulted (Wetsch, 2005). She was pregnant during her detention for armed robbery and at 15-years old she gave birth to twins (O’Shea, 1999). Her third child was also born in prison just before her trial for the murder of Lisa Millican. There is no mention of her family or childhood in the literature encountered as she was not fond of giving interviews. Marriage and Family Life At a very early age, she married Alvin Neelley who was twice her age, an ex-convict who served time for shooting his first wife. With their common behavior of being violent towards women, Alvin figured as a partner in the crimes she instigated. They referred to themselves as The Nightrider and Lady Sundance (Ramsland, 2007). Following his release from prison for their robbery in 1980, Alvin took a job at a gas station and used his earnings to buy two cars with CB radios installed (Wetsch, 2005). Judith will drive around to look for the next victim and will radio Alvin to join her when the victim is in the car. Their relationship, though sexual in nature, was at times violent and lasted because of this partnership. Â  According to her husband, Judith’s personality was very dominant and she was violent which accounted for her strong influence over him. Alvin Neelley later stated that he went along because his wife had such power over other people and he was left with no choice (Ramsland, 2007). On the other hand, Judith stated during the trial that she took women and young girls to please her husband because he wanted them, that he willingly planned and executed the acts, that he battered her and threatened her children to force her to take part (O’Shea, 1999). However, investigators and the jury eventually agreed that Judith actively participated in the killing sprees as the brains behind the murders (Kelleher Kelleher, 1998). While on predating sprees, she brought her children along. They helped her earn the trust of the people she lured. The toddlers witnessed the sexual molestation and torture of Lisa Millican and the other victims by their mother. This type of parenting, husband and wife relationship and over-all family life deviates from what is typical. Contributing Factors She was not found by the jury to be mentally disturbed or to be an abused wife factors which could help explain her brutal behavior. After her conviction, she appealed to the court but exhausted the appeals process with futility (ProsandCons.us, 2009). Does this person fit the profile of the typical offender for this type of crime? Judith Neelley did not fit the profile of the typical murderer. She was female, white, a young mother, slim and blond. Females were generally regarded as soft, caring or docile and not aggressive or violent (Schurman-Kauflin, 2000). At the time she committed murder, the stereotype of persons who had the capacity to perform such crimes was male and probably black. For this reason, it was not seriously believed at first that she perpetrated the murders (Texas AM International University, 2004). Initially, the burden of accountability for the acts was brought heavily on her husband because he was the male. At the end of the trial, she got the death penalty while her husband got two life terms. Based on current information on criminal behavior however, Judith Anne Neelley fits the profile of a female serial team killer. Because she lacked the strength to subdue victims or carry dead bodies, she raped and killed together with her husband who was also a sexual killer (Kelleher Kelleher, 1998). Only one thing sets her apart from other females in serial team killing she had already attempted to kill a man by shooting him before she even met her husband (Furio, 2001). She was delinquent as a teenager and before age 20, performed her first serial killing. Very sociable, she was able to talk her victims, either when they were alone or with their companions, into going for a ride with her in her car (TAMIU, 2004). She felt herself superior over others and called the authorities about Lisa Millican and where her body could be found, implicating a warden as the one responsible. She was cruel, merciless and delighted in the suffering and death of her victims. During the trial, she played the role of victim in saying that she was a battered wife so that her husband would get the maximum penalty while she will serve time only as an accomplice (TAMIU, 2004). Which crime theory that we have studied comes closest to explaining this offender’s behavior? The strain theory of crime causation comes closest to explaining Judith Neelley’s behavior. The extreme stress from social and economic factors that she experienced as a young girl being abandoned by her family, her poverty and then being sexually molested while in a juvenile center, all contributed in pushing her to commit crime. Unsuccessful in obtaining power from money or education, she killed others to feel powerful. List of References Ashley, D. (1999). Woman Loses Death Row Appeal. Retrieved 9 April 2009 from http://www.equaljustice.ca/cgi-bin/forum.cgi/noframes/read/6290. Furio, J. (2001). Team Killers: A Comparative Study of Collaborative Criminals. New York: Algora. Kelleher, M. and Kelleher, C.L. (1998). Murder Most Rare: The Female Serial Killer. Connecticut: Praeger Publishers. Â  O’Shea, K. (1999). Women and the Death Penalty in the United States: 1900-1998. Connecticut: Praeger Publishers. ProsandCons.us (2009). Conversion of a Killer. Retrieved 9 April 2009 from http://prosandcons.us/?cat=61

Successful Relationships And Short Stories :: essays research papers

Successful Relationships and Short Stories A successful relationship is the Holy Grail in life for most people. We are constantly searching and striving to attain that bond with someone with out fully understanding the components involved in making it happen. In a time of serial monogamy, marriage drive thrus, and quickie divorces, we don't have much incentive to invest that sort of time. Relationships are easy to get out of. But in order to have a successful relationship, both parties must first actively communicate their intentions of what they are hoping to gain from the relationship, concerns, and hopes for themselves as individuals and as a collective. Failure to do this would surely be the demise of any relationship. There are many instances in the short stories in which I have read where two characters are unable to grasp the concept in which I am putting forth. A prime example would be Miss Dent and Mr. Blake from John Cheever's "The Five- Forty-Eight." In this story, Miss Dent and Mr. Blake start with a working relationship which escalates into a one night stand. Neither character has communicated what their intentions or hopes for this encounter is. Miss Dent is coming from the angle that she cares for this person, and would like something more from this affair. She articulates this to him later saying "All I wanted was a little love." Had she addressed this in the beginning, it would have been clear what her hopes were for this relationship. Mr. Blake however was coming from the exact opposite angle: "She gave him a drink and said that she was going to put on something more comfortable. He urged her to; that was he came for." If these people were openly communicating their intentions to each other would have been clear therefore enabling them to make an informed decision. Another example of a successful relationship from the short stories I have read is character Nanapush and his young friend Eli from Louise Edrich's "Matchimanito." Eli frequently came to Nanapush for advice on hunting, women, and life in general. It was clear to Nanapush what Eli's intentions were, as Eli communicated it frequently with his barrage of questions. "I'm a Nanapush remember. That's as good as saying I knew what interested Eli Kashpaw. He wanted something other than what I could teach him about the woods. Successful Relationships And Short Stories :: essays research papers Successful Relationships and Short Stories A successful relationship is the Holy Grail in life for most people. We are constantly searching and striving to attain that bond with someone with out fully understanding the components involved in making it happen. In a time of serial monogamy, marriage drive thrus, and quickie divorces, we don't have much incentive to invest that sort of time. Relationships are easy to get out of. But in order to have a successful relationship, both parties must first actively communicate their intentions of what they are hoping to gain from the relationship, concerns, and hopes for themselves as individuals and as a collective. Failure to do this would surely be the demise of any relationship. There are many instances in the short stories in which I have read where two characters are unable to grasp the concept in which I am putting forth. A prime example would be Miss Dent and Mr. Blake from John Cheever's "The Five- Forty-Eight." In this story, Miss Dent and Mr. Blake start with a working relationship which escalates into a one night stand. Neither character has communicated what their intentions or hopes for this encounter is. Miss Dent is coming from the angle that she cares for this person, and would like something more from this affair. She articulates this to him later saying "All I wanted was a little love." Had she addressed this in the beginning, it would have been clear what her hopes were for this relationship. Mr. Blake however was coming from the exact opposite angle: "She gave him a drink and said that she was going to put on something more comfortable. He urged her to; that was he came for." If these people were openly communicating their intentions to each other would have been clear therefore enabling them to make an informed decision. Another example of a successful relationship from the short stories I have read is character Nanapush and his young friend Eli from Louise Edrich's "Matchimanito." Eli frequently came to Nanapush for advice on hunting, women, and life in general. It was clear to Nanapush what Eli's intentions were, as Eli communicated it frequently with his barrage of questions. "I'm a Nanapush remember. That's as good as saying I knew what interested Eli Kashpaw. He wanted something other than what I could teach him about the woods.

Non Medical Factors Influencing Csection Health And Social Care Essay

Cesarean delivery is the bringing of a babe through a surgical scratch in the female parents abdomen wall laparotomy and uterus wall hysterectomy. In some fortunes, a C-section is scheduled in progress. In others it ‘s done in response to an unanticipated complication. Initially, cesarian bringing was performed to salvage the foetus from a moribund patient. But over and over old ages, this operation later was developed into a surgical process to salvage both maternal and foetal from high complications.2.2 Concept of C-sectionThe C-section rate is increasing over a period of clip in developed states, every bit good as in developing states. It is besides increasing for all adult females of all ages, race/ethnic group, gestational age, SES group. For case in China the cesarian rate rose dramatically from 3.4 % in 1988 to 39.3 % in 2008 with the most dramatic addition among urban adult females ( Xu, Yan, & A ; Carine, 2012, p. 3/12 ) . In USA, this rate climbed from 5 % in 1960 to 31.8 % in 2007 ( Campbell, 2011 ) . In Mali, the rate addition from 1.6 % in 2005 to 2.9 in 2009. Furthermore in developed state the proportion of cesarian birth is 21.1 % on mean whereas in developing states is merely 2 % ( Betran et al, 2007 ) . This rate is rather under the international norm fixed ( 5 % – 15 % ) by WHO since 1985.2.3 Types of Cesarean deliveryCesarean delivery is made based on two types of scratch on the womb: low transversal scratch and perpendicular uterine scratch. However the way of scratch on the womb does non needfully fit with the scratch on the tegument ( up, down or side to side ) . The low transverse scratch is a horizontal cut across the lower portion of the womb. It is the one which is safer and more successful to travel through labour for holding a vaginal bringing in ulterior gestations. The perpendicular scratch on the womb is used for presenting preterm babes, abnormally positioned placentas, gestations with more than one foetus and in utmost exigencies.2.4 Medical factors ( indicant of caesarean delivery )Cesarean indicant can be classified into 3 groups: Maternal ; foetal or maternal-fetal. Tableau 2. Medical indicant for cesarian determinationMaternalFetalMaternal-fetalMedical status: specific cardiac disease ( Maran ‘s Syndrome, unstable coronary arteria disease ) ; specific respiratory disease ( GuillanBarre syndrome ) ; thrombopenia Conditionss associated with increased intracranial force per unit area Mechanical obstructor of the lower uterine section ( tumours, fibroids ) Mechanical vulvar obstructor ( condylomata ) Contracted pelvic girdle ( either congenital or acquired ) No reassuring fetal position Malpresentation: rear of barrel, cross prevarication, forehead or face/mentumposterior Cord prolapsed Maternal herpes or HIV Congenital anomalies/Vasa previa Failure to come on in labour: either collar to descent or collar to distend Cephalopelvic disproportion Placental breaking off Placenta previa/ placenta breaking off Conjoint twin Uterine rupture Elective caesarean delivery bringing The most common indicant for cesarian bringing in America is repeated cesarian ( 30 % ) , followed by dystocia or failure to advancement ( 30 % ) , malpresentation ( 11 % ) and non-reassuring fetal position ( 10 % ) ( Murphy, Sarah K. , et Jeffrey D. , 2012, p. 2 ) . In England, the most common indicant is besides repeated caesarean delivery ( 29 % ) followed by presumed foetal hurt ( 22 % ) , failure to advancement ( 20 % ) and breech birth ( 16 % ) ( caesaran subdivisions, October 2002, p. 2 ) . In Mali, the most common indicant is prolonged/obstructed labour or suspected cephalopelvic disproportion 40.4 % , followed by old cesarian subdivision 16.6 % , foetal hurt ( 16.1 % ) ( Valerie Brand et Al, 2012 ) . Based on the timing of C-section ( CS ) at the clip of determination devising, the cesarian indicants are grouped under one of those four classs. Tableau 2. Different classs of Cesarean deliveryCategory 1:Emergency CSCategory 2:Urgent CSCategory 3:Scheduled CesiumCategory 4:Elective CS– There is an immediate menace to the female parent or the foetus. Therefore the CS should be done within the following 30 min in order to salvage on clip both female parent and babe Breaking off, cord prolapsed, cicatrix rupture, scalp blood PH & lt ; 7.20, foetal hurt: drawn-out FHR slowing & lt ; 80 There is maternal or foetal complication but was non instantly life endangering. In that instance the bringing should be completed within 60-75 min Case with FHR abnormalcies are those of concern The female parent needs early bringing but there is no maternal or foetal via media. A concern of the continuance of gestation is likely to impact the female parent or foetus in the approaching hours or yearss. Iatrogenic preterm bringing where there is need to give a class of steroid for lung adulthood The bringing is timed to accommodate the female parent and staff. There are instances where there is an indicant for CS but there is no urgency. Placenta previa with no active hemorrhage, malpresentation, history of old cesareanaˆÂ ¦2.5 Non medical factors act uponing Cesarean delivery rateBeside medical factors, non-medical grounds can hold an impact on the likeliness of holding a Cesarean delivery every bit good. Among those factors, maternal features such as age, instruction, business, birth order, fiscal position ( salary/affordability to pay medical fees and wellness insurance ) , abode, figure of prenatal visits, wellness position can greatly act upon the Cesarean delivery rate. Some demographic factors, particularly the alteration in the features of the childbearing population can impact cesarian bringing. Ethical and economic grounds may besides hold some influence on the rate of surgical bringing.2.5.1 Maternal ageSeveral surveies show that old adult females ( over 35 ages ) are more likely to hold a high hazard of gestation complication and cesarian bringing. Other surveies found the same consequence in lower h azard adult females population. A important association was besides found between the hazard of holding C-section and advanced maternal age at the first gestation ( Herstad & A ; al, 2012 ) . In add-on, increasing age and para are reported to be associated with a high hazard of inauspicious gestation results and C-section rate. Dystocia, non-reassuring foetal status, preeclampsia, placenta previa, abruptio-placenta, malpresentation, prolonged labour and macrosomia were significantly higher in older female parents with high para. Another high association was found among advanced maternal age of adult females with old Cesarean delivery and increasing Cesarean delivery rate ( Hiasat, 2002 ) .2.5.2 Education of the female parentThe function of instruction degree dramas in the C-section rate is controversial. ( Gilbert, Alice, & A ; Haim A. , 2010 ) found in a survey that planned C-section was carried out more frequently among educated adult females than uneducated 1s. High instruction d egree influences besides positively the C-section rate of adult females with old C-section ( Khawaja, Tamar, & A ; Rozzet, 2000 ) .This important rate of C-section rate among the more educated adult females are chiefly due to either maternal pick for C-section ( posh to force factor ) or physicians behavior factors or the hold of maternity until older age for educated adult females. On the other manus, when all those factors are taken into consideration, some surveies show that the cesarean delivery rate is likely to be less among higher educated adult females because educated adult females are more cognizant about gestation complications and hazards. Therefore they are more preventative and care better about their wellness during the gestation. For case among adult females in the same age, the less educated 1s are really more likely to acquire a C-section ( Harrison, 2012 ) . Furthermore the instruction of the male parent does n't hold excessively much consequence as the female par ent instruction on the C-section rate.2.5.3 Occupation of the parentsOccupation of the female parent is greatly associated with the cesarian bringing. A Nigerian survey found that adult females with no business are more likely to hold a vaginal bringing than those with a high business ( Olusanya & A ; Olumuyiwa, 2009 ) . This might due to some grounds such as maternal pick to present by C-section, detaining maternity ( due to the deficiency of clip because of her work ) at an advanced age or unjust entree to maternal wellness attention. A survey in Puerto Rico found that a direct association with the male parent ‘s business and the rate of surgical bringing. Fathers with no business are associated with a lower rate of C-section rate ( Jose & A ; Vazquez-Calzada, 1997 ) . It is likely due to the same socio-economic grounds I will cite in this caption.2.5.4 Birth orderWhereas a elevation of C-section rate for the maternal age is evident for about all the live-birth order, live-birth order affects the rate of cesarian bringing independently of the maternal age. The hazard of cesarian bringing is greater among female parents holding their first kid no affairs the age, except for teenage female parents. Then this hazard falls down quickly with wining births. For case, a USA survey ( Taffel, 1994 ) found the cesarian rate declined as live-birth order rose to an agegreater or equal to 20 old ages old female parents for both black and white adult females. In add-on the highest cesarian rate for any age-birth order com bination were found among adult females between 35-39 old ages of age holding their first birth, followed by adult females 40-49 old ages. The lowest rate was for 20 twelvemonth old adult females holding a 4th or higher order birth and for adolescents holding their 2nd or 3rd kid. Marwan Khawaja et Al found the same consequence: a higher likeliness of C-section bringing among low order birth compared to high one is expected since the bringing complications are more common among primiparious adult females taking to a higher rate of C-section.2.5.5 Fiscal state of affairsIncome and SES group The cesarian rate is of import among people with a better fiscal state of affairs even thoughthelow income group has a higher obstetrical hazard. One Brazilian survey ( Hopkins & A ; Ernesto, 1998 ) found a higher Cesarean delivery rate among the high income group than the low one. Cesarean bringing is more common among people with high SES. This might due to the fact that low SES faces frequently to fiscal and geographic barriers to wellness attention entree. Ability and affordability to pay Several surveies found that Women or family with less fiscal ability and affordability to pay for wellness attention will hold high hazard gestation and higher Cesarean delivery rate ( Hopkins et Al, 1998 ) . Health insurance Cesarean rate is more common for insured adult females than uninsured ones.A survey in Brazil ( Cecatti, Helaine N, Anibal, & A ; Maria Jose , 2005. ) showed that the C-section rate varies tremendously harmonizing to the type of insurance. And he lowest rate is with insurance companies which contract with public installations. Another survey ( KASSAK, A. MOHAMMAD, & A ; ABDALLAH, 2000 ) found that cosmopolitan coverage by national wellness insurance had a greatest impact on the likeliness to increase C-section rate.2.5.6 Rural / Urban countriesMany articles highlight the importance of abode topographic point on the C-section rate.Mothers populating in urban countries have a higher chance to present by C-section, This might due to either a better entree to wellness attention in urban countries or the deficiency of appropriate equipments and skilled staff in rural countries. However it might besides reflect the overused of cesarian bringing in urban countries ( Yassin & A ; Ghanim A, 2 012 ) .2.5.7 Number of prenatal visitsThe antenatal attention is another cardinal factor act uponing the Cesarean delivery rate. The greater is its figure ( six or over ) , the higher is the likeliness to acquire C-section. This is due to the fact that higher gestation hazard is more likely to hold more prenatal visits. On the other manus, some surveies found a strong association between medical cognition of female parent and figure of prenatal visits ( Habib, Maysaloun, & A ; Selwa, 2011 ) .2.5.8 Health positionFleshiness An addition in C-section rate appears in analogue with increasing fleshiness rate due to the lifting likeliness of gestation complication ( diabetes and high blood pressure ) . Further, both maternal and fetus weight influence the caesarean delivery rate ( Hendrickson, 2012 ) . Pregnancy and bringing complication Pregnancy complication, when it is non treated earnestly can take to serious issues. So it is an of import factor impacting C-section determination. Some surveies show a important likeliness of acquiring cesarian birth for complicated gestations seeking wellness attention ( Choudhury ) . Chronic high blood pressure and uterine hemorrhage in Jose and all surveies were reported as the most common gestation medical hazard associated with surgical bringing. Others are diabetes and anaemia. However bringing complications taking to C-section are more considered as medical factors. They are more of import than gestation complication because they affect straight the normal bringing and increases extremely the Cesarean delivery likeliness. And the opportunity of holding a caesarean delivery is even more for those adult females with two or more bringing complication. Low/ high hazard factor Cesarean delivery rate is lower among adult females with unsophisticated gestations than complicated 1s. In add-on a healthy adult female is less likely to hold gestation complication and Cesarean delivery than the opposite ( Best patterns in the usage of cesaean subdivision in Nova Scotia, 2008 ) .2.5.9 Summary of non medical factorsOn the following page, there is a sum-up of all non medical factors with the mentions and the expected mark.WritersDatasYearMethodologyExpected markMaternal age Herstad et Al. Descriptive Longiditunal 2012 Log binomial reg Descriptive stat a†°? 35: + Mother Education Gilbert et Al Harrison et Al Retrosp cohort–2010 2012 Logit arrested development Statical theoretical account More: + Less: + Mother Occupation Olusanya et Al Jose et Al Cross sectional Retrospective 2009 1997 Logit arrested development Logit arrested development None: + Father: few Birth Order Taffel et Al Marwan et Al Cross sectional Cross sectional 1994 2003 Descriptive stat Logit arrested development BO iˆ? : – Idem Income and SES ability to pay Hopkins et Al Cross sectioal 1998 Logit arrested development High Selenium: + Health insurance Cecatti et Al Retrospective Case control 2005 Logit arrested development Insured: + Rural / Urban country Yassin et Al–2012–Urban: + Ant visit Habib et Al Cross sectional 2011 Descriptive statistic Nberiˆ? : + Health position Choudhury––Hazard iˆ? : + Tableau 2.3 Expected mark of non medical factors2.6 Human behaviour factors increasing Cesarean deliveryMedical human behaviour factorsSome medical accounts can explicate the rise of cesarian rate. First of wholly, there are big fluctuations among clinicians, infirmaries in the direction of the adult female labour which influence the caesarean delivery rate. Second, even though the proportion of aided rear of barrel babes bringing does non increase, some clinicians prefer to avoidthe hazard due to the complication of normal bringing and pattern an elected caesarean delivery for rear of barrel babes because they think it is safer. In add-on, the increasing usage of in vitro fertilisation ( IVF ) has led to the lifting in the figure of multiple births and those babes are frequently delivered by CS. Finally, the development of new surgical technics, engineerings and medical attention has made C-section an progressively safe operation.Non-medical human behaviour factors2.6.2.1 Cultural a nd Organizational factorsIn some instances, the C-section determination is really needed to salvage the female parent and/or the babe. However this determination, in another state of affairs is circumstantially a balanced judgement taken between clinical squads and the female parent. So, the environment within the infirmary unit and his staff is managed has greatly an impact on C-section determination, taking to a wide fluctuation in the rate between infirmaries. Further, some surveies found that learning infirmaries tend to hold lower caesarean delivery rate than non learning wellness installations and private clinics ( K.M Kassak et al. , 2000 ) . On the other side, some ethical issues such as physicians ‘ duty non to do injury to patients and to obtain their consent prior any intervention, alternatively of merely to protect a patient ‘s public assistance can act upon the doctor pick.2.6.2.2 Maternal pickSome female parents, chiefly the educated and celebrated 1s prefe r to give birth by C-section because they are scared of enduring for the vaginal birth. So this rise of C-section rate can be attributed to adult females ‘s lifestyle pick. Because of this ground, C-sectionrate in private infirmaries is frequently higher than public infirmaries. Further, harmonizing to some surveies about â€Å" cesarian civilization of Brazil † , other grounds are found ( Giguere, 2007 ) : Due to modern and advanced, technological intercessions, adult females perceived C-section as safer and more comfy labour with better quality of wellness attention They want to avoid the hazard of perineal harm due to normal bringing that can impact adult females sexual map after childbearing. On the other side, the prevalence of maternal penchant vary widely harmonizing to the state context. A survey in Hong Kong ( Selina & A ; al, 2007 ) found a low prevalence of 16.7 % for the maternal pick and the chief ground was their sensed it safer for the baby.In another survey, Iran the rate was 22 % ( Alimohanmadian, Manak, Mahmoodi, & A ; Faterneh, 2007 ) .2.6.2.3 Profile of physicians preferring Cesarean deliveryIn general The increasing cesarian rate can besides be attributed to an undue doctor ‘s pick due to his fright to bear the hazard or fiscal inducement ( want to do more money ) . It can besides be due the patients demand. Furthermore, there are worldwide assorted clinicians sentiments about the petition of elected or exigency caesarean delivery. ( Mufti, MC Carthy A, & A ; Fisk N. M, 24 1996, p. 544 ) in a study, found out that 17 % of Obstetricians in London ( 31 % of female and 8 % of male ) prefer ekective caesarean delivery. Their pick wer chiefly based on the turning away of perineal harm from vaginal birth and the Rhode Island of hurt to the babe. Then 68 % choose cesarian bringing for cepalic presentation with an estimated weight greater than 4.5 Kg. Another similar survey ( Wagner, 2000, p. 1677 ) in USA, showed that 46,6 % accoucheurs prefer the Cesarean delivery with more males ( 56.5 % ) than females ( 32.6 % ) . And so 70 % delivered by C-sectio with an estimated weight greater than 4.6 Kg. However in ( McGurgan, Coulter-Smith, S. , & A ; O'Donovan, P.J. , 2001 ) survey, there are more females than males who chose eletcive caesarean delivery. Sing the matrimonial position, married clinicia ns do less exigency caesarean delivery than the non married 1s ( Turner, Young, Solomon, Ludlow, Benness, & A ; Phipps, 2008 ) . In add-on, clnicians request ( 21 % ) more cesrean bringing than accoucheuses ( 10 % ) and coloreectal sawboness urogynecologists are more lkely to bespeak C-section. Mali instance In Mali, the wellness forces in public installations are under salary based payment. The salary rate are based on the degree of preparation and the figure of old ages in service ( MCI, Octobre 2010 ) . Therefore doctors have no inducement to increase the C-section rate. In add-on when patients arrive at maternal wellness installations, they foremost contact are made with the accoucheuses and the medical pupils on responsibility. And so when it is a omplicated or particular instance which need the physician advice, they call him. Therefore the female parent petition for cesarea bringing to physicians are non observed in those public installations. The cesarian determination is merely taken by doctors based on medical grounds.

Information System Flexibility and the Cost Efficiency of Business Processes Essay

The work of Gebauer and Schober entitled â€Å"Information System Flexibility and the Cost Efficiency of Business Processes† states that for an information system (IS) must be flexible if it is effective and must â€Å"be able to accommodate a certain amount of variation regarding the requirements of the supported business process.† The problem statement is clear noting the need for flexibility in the information system. The study is noted as being significant in that it â€Å"contributes to IS theory building with a focus on the effects of IS flexibility on the cost efficiency of a given business process.† (Gebauer and Schober, 2006) The primary objective is stated to â€Å"present a theory of the impact of IS flexibility on the cost efficiency of a given business process† as well as establishing the â€Å"importance of IS flexibility as a success factor of IS management.† (Gebauer and Schober,) The literature review is thorough and examines the characteristics of a business process and specifically the three dimensions of the business process including: (1) uncertainty; (2) variability; and (3) time-criticality. (Gebauer and Schober, 2006) Many previous studies are cited in the study of Gebauer and Schober (2006) and the shortcomings in those studies as well as the strengths of the study being noted. The concept of Information Systems (IS) flexibility is reviewed as well as past studies in this area. The study is clear in its statement of several preliminary propositions. A model structure is illustrated outlining a two-stage decision process. Relationship between variables of analysis were specified by distinguishing among three strategies to perform a process task: IS flexibility-to-use, IS flexibility-to-change, and task performance outside of an IS (manual operations). (Gebauer and Schober, 2006) The study is reported to systematically analyze a formal quantitative decision model, which allowed us to obtain a refined set of propositions that included combinatorial effects of business process characteristics, yet that at the same time also become more situation-specific.† (Gebauer and Schober, 2006) Findings of the study are stated to demonstrate that â€Å"IS flexibility-to-change is cost efficiency deployed to support a business process characterized by a high level of uncertainty, whereas a low level of uncertainty corresponds efficiently with IS flexibility-to-use.† (Gebauer and Schober, 2006) The model is stated to indicate that â€Å"high process variability tends to limit the value of an IS over manual operations, whereas a high level of time-criticality of process requirements tends to increase the value of an IS over manual operations.† (Gebauer and Schober, 2006) The discussion is based on the research problem and there is adequate interpretation of the findings. The interpretation is separate from the results and the results are discussed in regards to previous research studies. There are some limitations stated in the study and the conclusions are clearly stated and reasonable. There are suggestions for methods that could be used to better refine the study process and ultimately render more accurate results.

The Presidential Inaugural Address essays

The Presidential Inaugural Address essays Over the course of the next several months, both presidential nominees will make many speeches in their efforts to campaign for president. However, after the election is overand the last presidential election was not over in the year 2000 until long after Novemberthe president must make an inaugural address in January on the steps of the Capitol building to bring the nation together after a long and divisive campaign. Unlike the campaign speeches, this speech must not be partisan or divisive in the nature of its tone. It must be positive, rather than negative in its use of rhetoric. It must set the stage for the president's entire administration in terms of firmly establishing his vision for the country. It must speak to the world rather than to just the American voters. It must also speak to both houses of congress, republicans and Because of these factors, presidents tend to use poetic and rhetorical tropes when expressing themselves in their inaugural addresses. One of the classic rhetorical uses of antithesis, for example, or the pairing of two unlike ideas with similar phrases is John F. Kennedy's "ask not what your country can do for you, ask what you can do for your country." Note too how Kennedy addresses the young people of the nation, rather than taking any political jibes at his opposition. Even though he was advocating a policy change in terms of creating the Peace Core, he discusses service in positive terms, rather than in the tone of an advocate The president who speaks in January to the nation must speak to a divided nation, frustrated over a protracted Iraqi commitment, higher costs of living in the form of higher oil prices, and a still shaky economy. Whether this president's name is Kerry or Bush, he must inspire the people not simply to believe in him, but to help him heal the nation, the Iraqi ...

Oberon and Titania Character Analysis

Oberon and Titania Character Analysis The Oberon and Titania characters play an essential role in A Midsummer Nights Dream. Here, we take an in-depth look at each  character so we can better understand what makes them tick as a couple. Oberon Oberon is angry with Titania as she is spending all her time with a changeling boy and will not give him over to Oberon to be used as a henchman. He could be considered to be quite spiteful in exacting his revenge upon her: â€Å"Well, go thy way. Thou shalt not from this grove/Till I torment thee for this injury† (Act 2 Scene 1, Line 146-147). Titania accuses Oberon of being jealous: â€Å"These are the forgeries of jealousy† (Act 2 Scene 1, Line 81). Oberon is powerful but Titania appears to be just as headstrong, and they seem equally matched. We know they have had a good relationship up until now, as he and Titania would â€Å"dance our ringlets to the whistling wind† (Act 2 Scene 1 Line 86). Oberon asks Puck to get the juice from a herb he once showed him and anoint the eyes of Titania with it so that she falls in love with something ridiculous. Oberon is angry with his queen for disobeying him and exacts a kind of revenge, but it is quite harmless and humorous in its intent. He loves her and wants to have her all to himself again. Consequently, Titania falls in love with Bottom with an Ass’ head stuck on his. Oberon eventually feels guilty about this and reverses the magic which demonstrates his mercy: â€Å"Her dotage now I do begin to pity† (Act 3 Scene 3, Line 46). Oberon also shows compassion when he sees Helena being scorned by Demetrius and orders Puck to anoint his eyes with the potion so that Helena can be loved: â€Å"A sweet Athenian lady is in loveWith a disdainful youth: anoint his eyes;But do it when the next thing he espiesMay be the lady: thou shalt know the manBy the Athenian garments he hath on.Effect it with some care, that he may proveMore fond of her than she upon her love† (Act 2 Scene 1, Line261-266).​ Unfortunately, Puck gets things wrong, but Oberon’s intentions are good, and he is ultimately responsible for everyone’s happiness at the end of the play. Titania Titania is principled and strong enough to stand up to her husband (in a similar way to Hermia standing up to Egeus). She has made a promise to look after the little Indian boy and doesn’t want to break it: â€Å"Not for thy fairy kingdom. Fairies away!/We shall chide downright, if I longer stay† (Act 1 Scene 2, Line 144-145). Unfortunately, Titania is made to look foolish by her jealous husband and is made to fall in love with the ridiculous Bottom with an ass’ head: â€Å"Thou art wise as thou art beautiful† (Act 3 Scene 1, Line 140). She is very attentive to Bottom and proves herself to be a kind and forgiving lover: Be kind and courteous to this gentleman.Hop in his walks and gambol in his eyes;Feed him with apricots and dewberries,With purple grapes, green figs, and mulberries;The honeybags steal from the humble-bees,And for night tapers crop their waxen thighsAnd light them at the fiery glow-worms eyesTo have my love to bed, and to arise;And pluck the wings from painted butterfliesTo fan moonbeams from his sleeping eyes.Nod to him, elves and do him courtesies (Act 3 Scene 1, Line 156-166). As Titania is intoxicated with the love potion, she gives the changeling boy to Oberon, and he gets his way. He then takes pity on her and undoes the magic. Together Oberon and Titania are the only couple in the play who have been married for a while. The other couples are just starting with all the passion and excitement a new relationship brings. Oberon and Titania represent an older, more weathered relationship. They have possibly taken each other for granted and when the love potion is removed, and Titania realizes that she has been doting and fawning over an ass, she is made to realize that, perhaps, she has neglected her husband somewhat and this will renew their passion: â€Å"Now thou and I are new in amity† (Act 4 Scene 1, Line 86).

Marketing Major Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 2750 words

Marketing Major - Essay Example The market gap represents signs of potential success. The product is mainly targeted to three segments, namely the youth, professionals who have a tendency to eat convenient food and health-conscious people who survive on a healthy diet. The product is being positioned in the market as a healthy one which is supreme to its competitors on account of taste and quality. The target consumers lie in the age group of 16-24 and 26-45 mainly so a wide range of media support has been devised. For instance, radio and television has been mainly used to target all the age group on account of their popularity. On the other hand social media like facebook and LinkedIn has been used for promoting the product launch among the youth and young professionals. Magazines like The Economist have been used to communicate with the young professionals. Fast moving consumer goods (FMCG) include a variety of products which are sold at low prices and their sale occurs relatively faster. The target market for FMCG is quite vast but proper segmentation of the market and adding value to the customers are formidable challenges for any FMCG company. According to the traditional definition FMCG goods can be described as goods which are purchased very frequently. These goods are generally sold in large volume in order to generate profits for the companies which produce them. These goods are priced relatively lower compared to consumer durable goods and are perishable generally. These goods can include a wide range of items like soft drinks, toiletries, packed food items and chocolate bars to name a few. The shelf-life of the products is relatively lower for which they are manufactured in large quantities to compensate for the small price. The FMCG sector is a key component of the U.K. economy and accounts for 10% of the GDP of the country a nd 20% of the entire market (The Statistics Portal, 2014). The food and beverages sector is one of